Disease leads field ( Moldy Rot ) Ceratocystis Fimbriata in rubber

Moldy rot is a disease and leads field of significant importance to the cultivation of rubber. This disease leads to damage areas of the skin are disturbed and difficult recovery intercepts
Moldy rot is severe if not treated will result in major injuries, so the damaged area of ​​the leads at all and can not be tapped again.

Causes of this disease are:
- Moldy rot caused by the fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata
- Fungus attacking fields lead to injuries, especially novel because wiretapping




The symptoms of this disease are as follows:
- Skin leads the field easily infected skin wound was still fresh due to new, tapping, tapping grooves   precisely above. While bark leads that are recovered are usually free from attack.
- Early symptoms characterized by a dove-colored fungus threads are above the tapping point and then turned into a blackish gray.
- Heavy attack resulted in injuries and the emergence of a large and irregular. Rotten and weathered skin will peel off so the wood will not appear because the skin formed recovered.

Factors that influence the onset of the disease:
- The disease greatly aided by high humidity that many diseases arise during the rainy season.
- In the rubber meeting the cropping distance, and the gardens are growing other crops (eg cocoa) as the plant usually occurs between a great attack.
- Tapping the inside, especially if high frequency that would cause the slow recovery of the skin will result in an attack.

Transmission and spread of the disease occurs through:
- Fungal spores are blown by the wind.
- Knives that lead is used to tap diseased plants.

Moldy rot control is done by combining a suitable control measures. To control measures are as follows:
- Technical culture
* Because the disease is greatly influenced by the high humidity gardens, so as a precaution that needs to be done is to reduce the moisture farm, for example:
1. Spacing is the spacing wide enough.
2. Not plant crops sidelines.
3. Clean up weeds and ground cover plants around the base of the stem.

* The use of varieties / clones were relatively resistant, for example, GT 1 and AVROS 2037.
* Keeping the plant in order to remain in good condition, such as fertilizer according to the recommended dosage so that the skin recovery process take place quickly.
* Prevents eavesdropping weight, both frequency and intensity. For example S2/d2 be S2/d3 or S2/d4 and so on.

- Chemical
* In the use of chemicals (fungicides) thing to know is to know the symptoms of the disease as early as possible so that treatment works best.
* Fungicides can be used by the application on the affected area using a brush or spraying.
* Type fungicides are recommended.
* To prevent the transmission of disease from one field leads the field leads to another, then tapping knife is used first dipped into a solution of disenfektan (eg izal solution of 5% or 0.2% difilatan 4F) every time you make wiretapping on any tree.